University of Otago Library Letter: John Youl, Robert Cartwright and Reverend Samuel Marsden to Reverend Josiah Pratt, 27 March 1817 John Youl Author Robert Cartwright Author Reverend Samuel Marsden Author Reverend Josiah Pratt Receiver H.M.S. Kangaroo The ship that sent the letter Isabella The ship that returned the reply text Letter New South Wales, Australia 27 March 1817 23 February 1818 9 March 1818 12 March 1818 Notes about where the letter was created: Parramatta, New South Wales eng text/html 304 x 188 mm 2 leaves 4 pages reformatted digital Hocken Collections' Title: Marsden, Cartwright and Youl to CMS Secretary Other Address Details: To The Revd. Josiah Pratt Secretary to the Church Missionary Society Parramatta -33.814525,151.003448 March 27th 1817 Colonies -- History Colony New Zealand -41.244772,174.675751 Revd Andrew Cheap Political science Government Civilization New Zealanders Europeans Society Islands -16.636192,-152.076187 Missionaries Missionaries New South Wales -31.16581,147.034149 Horses Horses Cattle Cattle Life Life Climate Climate Merchants England 52.456009,-1.189957 The Active ship Bay Of Islands -35.17886,174.169586 Station Master Mr Flax Flax Thompson A Cheaps Mechanics Mechanics Religion Religion Heathens Labor Clothing and dress Clothing Indigenous peoples Native Children Children Charles Gordon January Hope Hope Land settlement Settlement William Carlisle Messrs Marsden Kendall Schools School Hall Queen Charlotte ship Honor Sir Cartwright Josiah Pratt Church Missionary Society Hocken Collections, University of Otago Library, Dunedin, New Zealand. http://www.marsdenarchive.otago.ac.nz/MS_0056_048 http://www.marsdenarchive.otago.ac.nz/MS_0056_048_001 http://www.marsdenarchive.otago.ac.nz/MS_0056_048_002 http://www.marsdenarchive.otago.ac.nz/MS_0056_048_003 http://www.marsdenarchive.otago.ac.nz/MS_0056_048_004 http://www.marsdenarchive.otago.ac.nz/MS_0056_048_005 MS_0056_048 Trimble 48 CMS Number 66 The manuscript images, transcripts and metadata displayed on the Marsden Online Archive site are governed by a Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 New Zealand (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ) copyright agreement (available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz/). Please contact the Hocken Collections, University of Otago Library, Dunedin, New Zealand for more information. University of Otago Library 2015-06-11T14:46:05+12:00 machine generated eng Letter: John Youl, Robert Cartwright and Reverend Samuel Marsden to Reverend Josiah Pratt, 27 March 1817 John Youl and Robert Cartwright and Reverend Samuel Marsden University of Otago Library Digitised from the Hocken Library Collection Number MS-0056/048 Trimble 48 CMS Number 66 Digitised by the Marsden Online Archive Library of Congress Subject Headings Letter Maori Subject Headings Reverend Josiah Pratt 27 March 1817 New South Wales, Australia H.M.S. Kangaroo Isabella 23 February 1818 9 March 1818 British English Colonies -- History Political science Missionaries Horses Cattle Life Climate Flax Missions Mechanics Religion Clothing and dress Indigenous peoples Children Hope Land settlement Schools Parramatta March 27th 1817 Colony New zealand Andrew cheap Government Civilization New zealanders Europeans Society islands Missionaries New south wales Horses Cattle Life Climate Merchants England The active Bay of islands Station Flax Thompson A cheaps Mechanics Religion Heathens Labor Clothing Native Children Charles Gordon January Hope Settlement William Carlisle Marsden Kendall School Hall Queen charlotte Honor Cartwright Josiah Pratt Church missionary society Parramatta, March 27th 1817 Sir/ We have maturely considered the Plan of establishing a small Colony at New Zealand as suggested by the Revd Andrew Cheap; and have little doubt but it would answer provided suitable Persons could be met with who would act in unity and conduct themselves with Propriety— All who are conversant with mankind know that this can hardly be expected in a Body of People who are remote from all legal Restraint, and left so much at Liberty to act and think for themselves— There are a thousand Motives in a regular civil Government that operate upon men’s minds and induce them to live in Subordination and good friendship, which exist not in uncivilized uncivilised Nations.— To introduce the Arts of Civilization at New Zealand by the establishment of a small Colony is a very desirable object, and we think there would be little difficulty in doing this as far as the New Zealanders would be concerned since they are so anxious for Europeans to reside amongst them. The danger would be from the want of Subordination amongst the Colonists— When Men are placed in new Situations and do not meet with all those Comforts and Conveniences which they expected they generally become discontented, fretful and ungovernable. This has been the Case repeatedly in the Society Islands amongst the Missionaries there, and by which a very heavy expence has several times been brought upon the Society— We are of opinion that this evil, in the nature of things cannot by any human Wisdom be avoided, and therefore ought to be taken into estimate, when a Colony is formed. The vicinity of this Country to New Zealand would no doubt greatly facilitate the establishment of such a Colony— As many of the disaffected, or disappointed might at a small Expence be removed to New South Wales, and relieve both themselves and the Colony of New Zealand.— Horses and Horned Cattle &c might easily be transported from hence to New Zealand— and here they are becoming very cheap. The Colonists might soon have all the common necessaries of Life within themselves. They would have a good soil, a fine Climate, a well Watered Country, plenty of Timber, and would command what Laborers they might require at a small expence from the Inhabitants, to carry all their various operations of Agriculture &c— With respect to the Plan of the Vessel which the Revd Andrew Cheap also recommends, we think this could hardly fail of Success and would greatly aid the exertions of your Society towards the civilization of the New Zealanders. Those who employed their Money to such a benevolent Purpose, might upon fair Grounds expect to reap some advantage in a commercial view. We have consulted some of the most inteligent Merchants in this Colony— who think such a Plan would answer well.— The Vessel would no doubt be able to get a Freight out, either from Government or private Merchants who trade to this Colony, if the owners should not send out a Cargo themselves, but in case they should do this, we enclose a List of such Articles as are most in demand here, and which would sell in general.— The Vessel might return to England with a Cargo of Wool, and Oil from this Country and New Zealand— On the Plan of a Vessel the Active Brig might then be profitably employed, making the Bay of Islands her regular Station; during all the fishing Season She might be procuring Oil foo for [sic for for] England— We have sent you a Letter upon this Subject from the present Master of the Active, a very respectable Married Man.— If Mr Cheap’s Plan was adopted, many of the New Zealanders would be employed in the vessels which would bring them forward very fast— At present the Articles of Export from New Zealand would be Sperm Oil, Timber of various kinds, Flax which might be made into Cordage upon the Spot— These commercial Articles would find constant Employment for both the Vessels and the Natives.— The Active cannot at present furnish the means to bring these Articles to Market to meet her own Expenses— but if employed as Mr Thompson points out She might clear herself and aid the mission.— Since the Settlers have been so kindly treated by the Natives, Ships can now enter their Harbours with Safety— We strongly recommend the Revd A. Cheap’s Plan both of a Vessel and a Small Colony of select Characters composed of Agriculturests and Mechanics.— If this Plan is not established by those who are real Friends to religion it is our decided opinion that some such measure will be adopted by others, who have no pious feeling towards the Heathens— and which may prove injurious to the Mission. We regret that the Expenses have been so heavy up to the present time— This has arisen partly from many untoward and unforseen Circumstances, and partly from the high prices of Labor here, and the difficulty there has been to induce Workmen to go to New Zealand to assist in erecting the necessary Buildings. As the Buildings are now completed and the Workmen withdrawn the Expenses will be proportionably decreased— no more Stores need to be sent out for a long time, as we are now well Supplied excepting a little Clothing for the settlers and Native Children— We have engaged a very respectable young man Charles Gordon for the Term of Three Years from the first of last January at £60 per annum— as Superintendent of Agriculture. His Father came out originally as Free Settler— We hope by his Exertions the Settlement will soon be rendered Independent of this Country for supplies of Grain. William Carlisle as mentioned by Messrs Marsden & Kendall in former Letters as assistant to Mr Kendall in the School is come over for his Family and will return again in the Active— We believe Mr Carlisle is a pious man, Mr Kendall approves of him much— Had Messrs Hall and King acted with propriety, and united cordially with Mr Kendall in the Work, there might not have been that necessity of sending over assistance to Mr Kendall that their want of Cooperation has rendered necessary— In a Letter which Mr Marsden wrote by the Queen Charlotte, a Copy of which is sent to you he gave them both Permission to leave New Zealand is they wished— it would not have been prudent to have left Mr Kendall alone— Should they return, we shall on the return of the Active from New Zealand be better able to give you a Statement of the annual Expenses in future than at present and in the mean time shall use our utmost endeavours to keep the amount within the Sum you mention— From the Knowledge we have of the Principal Chiefs who are and have been at Parramatta, we can have n o doubt but the New Zealanders will soon become a Civilized civilised Nation— We have the Honor to be Revd Sir Your Ob[edien]t H[um]ble Servants Samuel Marsden Robt Cartwright John Youll To The Revd Josiah Pratt Secretary to the Church Missionary Society Hocken Archive Reference Number MS-0056/048 32MB image/tif 6.0 Uncompressed MD5 acc3ecd5e945a9ab36269484731d352b ACEMC 2718 4212 RGB manuscript Hakena MS-0056/048 188 mm 304 mm 2014:03:20 14:30:14.68 University of Otago Library, Reprographics Unit digital still camera Canon Canon EOS 6D 11.0 1 Manual 0220 1 11.0 6.9 1.4 Multi-segment tungsten flash did not fire 50.0 mm (35 mm equivalent: 65.6 mm) 0 Subject is illuminated from the front side. Auto Focus Used Normal Digitised as part of the Mining Marsden Project in 2013/2014 8, 8, 8 integer 3 2014:03:24 16:09:42 University of Otago Library, Reprographics Unit Processing actions undertaken to: prepare the image for online digital use and maintain the integrity of the image. Adobe Photoshop CS6 Windows 7 Cropped item to remove excess border and straightened the image. The manuscript images, transcripts and metadata displayed on the Marsden Online Archive site are governed by a Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 New Zealand (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ) copyright agreement (available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz/). Please contact the Hocken Collections, University of Otago Library, Dunedin, New Zealand for more information. Hocken Collections, University of Otago Library, Dunedin, New Zealand. hocken@otago.ac.nz Hocken Archive Reference Number MS-0056/048 33MB image/tif 6.0 Uncompressed MD5 f2cbbd4318bbf009170bcb3d7991cab1 ACEMC 2778 4242 RGB manuscript Hakena MS-0056/048 188 mm 304 mm 2014:03:20 14:30:37.60 University of Otago Library, Reprographics Unit digital still camera Canon Canon EOS 6D 11.0 1 Manual 0220 1 11.0 6.9 1.4 Multi-segment tungsten flash did not fire 50.0 mm (35 mm equivalent: 64.8 mm) 0 Subject is illuminated from the front side. Auto Focus Used Normal Digitised as part of the Mining Marsden Project in 2013/2014 8, 8, 8 integer 3 2014:03:24 16:10:13 University of Otago Library, Reprographics Unit Processing actions undertaken to: prepare the image for online digital use and maintain the integrity of the image. Adobe Photoshop CS6 Windows 7 Cropped item to remove excess border and straightened the image. The manuscript images, transcripts and metadata displayed on the Marsden Online Archive site are governed by a Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 New Zealand (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ) copyright agreement (available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz/). Please contact the Hocken Collections, University of Otago Library, Dunedin, New Zealand for more information. Hocken Collections, University of Otago Library, Dunedin, New Zealand. hocken@otago.ac.nz Hocken Archive Reference Number MS-0056/048 34MB image/tif 6.0 Uncompressed MD5 39124a9ea7061136d21b520a0c2ea19d ACEMC 2814 4248 RGB manuscript Hakena MS-0056/048 188 mm 304 mm 2014:03:20 14:29:06.83 University of Otago Library, Reprographics Unit digital still camera Canon Canon EOS 6D 11.0 1 Manual 0220 1 11.0 6.9 1.4 Multi-segment tungsten flash did not fire 50.0 mm (35 mm equivalent: 64.5 mm) 0 Subject is illuminated from the front side. Auto Focus Used Normal Digitised as part of the Mining Marsden Project in 2013/2014 8, 8, 8 integer 3 2014:03:24 16:08:45 University of Otago Library, Reprographics Unit Processing actions undertaken to: prepare the image for online digital use and maintain the integrity of the image. Adobe Photoshop CS6 Windows 7 Cropped item to remove excess border and straightened the image. The manuscript images, transcripts and metadata displayed on the Marsden Online Archive site are governed by a Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 New Zealand (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ) copyright agreement (available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz/). Please contact the Hocken Collections, University of Otago Library, Dunedin, New Zealand for more information. Hocken Collections, University of Otago Library, Dunedin, New Zealand. hocken@otago.ac.nz Hocken Archive Reference Number MS-0056/048 33MB image/tif 6.0 Uncompressed MD5 b7cebee5c76ce88d22a4c6cf9a53a368 ACEMC 2772 4272 RGB manuscript Hakena MS-0056/048 188 mm 304 mm 2014:03:20 14:29:32.94 University of Otago Library, Reprographics Unit digital still camera Canon Canon EOS 6D 11.0 1 Manual 0220 1 11.0 6.9 1.4 Multi-segment tungsten flash did not fire 50.0 mm (35 mm equivalent: 64.6 mm) 0 Subject is illuminated from the front side. Auto Focus Used Normal Digitised as part of the Mining Marsden Project in 2013/2014 8, 8, 8 integer 3 2014:03:24 16:08:59 University of Otago Library, Reprographics Unit Processing actions undertaken to: prepare the image for online digital use and maintain the integrity of the image. Adobe Photoshop CS6 Windows 7 Cropped item to remove excess border and straightened the image. The manuscript images, transcripts and metadata displayed on the Marsden Online Archive site are governed by a Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 New Zealand (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 NZ) copyright agreement (available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nz/). Please contact the Hocken Collections, University of Otago Library, Dunedin, New Zealand for more information. Hocken Collections, University of Otago Library, Dunedin, New Zealand. hocken@otago.ac.nz